KAZAN, June 8. /Dunyo IA/. The “Tatar-inform” news agency has published an article dedicated to the life and activities of Sahibkiran Amir Temur, reports Dunyo IA correspondent.

As noted in the publication, the late 14^th and early 15^th centuries became a period of profound political transformations. Amir Temur succeeded in uniting vast territories from India to the Middle East and creating a powerful state with a stable governance system.

The ruler prioritized diplomacy, establishing relations with European powers including France, England and Castile. Spanish ambassador Ruy González de Clavijo, visiting Samarkand in 1404, documented the city's sophisticated administration, infrastructure, and hospitable treatment of foreign envoys.

“Temur's Regulations” (“Temur Tuzuklari”) outlines four foundational pillars of state governance: counsel, discussion, planned action and decisiveness. The work emphasizes that nine-tenths of affairs were handled through prudent measures rather than military force, prioritizing diplomacy and law.

The ruler's successors - the Temurids continued to develop the state after Amir Temur's death, placing a special emphasis on science, culture and education. This period went down in history as the Second Eastern Renaissance.

Among the representatives of the dynasty, Amir Temur’s grandson, Mirzo Ulugbek - an outstanding astronomer, mathematician, and statesman holds a special place. One of his major achievements was the construction of the Samarkand Observatory in the 1420s, where the famous astronomical catalog “Zij-i Sultani”, containing the coordinates of more than 1,000 stars, was compiled.

The publication emphasizes that today, the Temurid heritage can be explored at the Center of Islamic Civilization in Uzbekistan, established at the initiative of President Shavkat Mirziyoyev. The center houses unique exhibits reflecting the cultural and spiritual wealth of the era, including a portion of the Quran copied by calligrapher Umar Aqta for Amir Temur and known as the “Baysunghur Quran”, as well as talismanic clothing of the Baburid dynasty inscribed with verses from the Quran and the 99 names of Allah.